酶聯(lián)生物深析實驗質(zhì)量如何控制

<p><strong><span style="font-family: 宋體; font-size: 9pt;">前言：</span></strong><span style="font-family: 宋體; font-size: 9pt;">讓實驗效果達到預(yù)定狀態(tài)，實驗室質(zhì)量控制工作的重要性不言而喻。那么如何抓好實驗室質(zhì)量控制中的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)呢？</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 0);"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋體; font-size: 9pt;">上海酶聯(lián)圍繞著實驗誤差、速度，深析實驗質(zhì)量如何控制：</span></strong></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋體; font-size: 9pt;">一：實驗誤差的控制</span></strong></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">1.</span></strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"> <font face="宋體">比對實驗是實驗室的不同人員，使用相同的儀器設(shè)備，用同一樣品試驗所得試驗結(jié)果的比較。具有易操作，且利于提高實驗人員的檢測能力。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">2. </span></strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋體">通過實驗室間的比對實驗可以消除實驗室的系統(tǒng)誤差，這一誤差是重復(fù)實驗、同一實驗室由不同人員操作的比對無法消除的。通過此比對，找出發(fā)生偏差的原因，及時糾正與改進因操作、溫濕度環(huán)境條件及設(shè)備因素等引起的各種偏差。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">3.</span></strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"> <font face="宋體">重復(fù)性是由同一個試驗室在基本相同的情況下，用同一樣品試驗所得試驗結(jié)果的誤差。如水泥抗壓強度試驗方法的重復(fù)性是由同一個試驗室。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋體">在相同的操作人員，相同的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)砂，較短時間間隔內(nèi)，用同一樣品所得試驗結(jié)果的誤差來定量表達。對于</font>28<font face="宋體">天抗壓強度的測定，一個合格的試驗室在上述條件下的重復(fù)性以變異系數(shù)表示，要求在</font><font face="Calibri">1%</font><font face="宋體">～</font><font face="Calibri">3%</font><font face="宋體">之間。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">4.</span></strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"> <font face="宋體">要真正使試驗室內(nèi)部質(zhì)量得到有效控制，檢測能力上一個臺階，在通過比對改進之后，參加國家實驗室認證認可機構(gòu)的能力驗證試驗，只有通過能力驗證，才能了解自己在該檢測項目中的真實水平，發(fā)現(xiàn)問題，采取措施，及早糾正和整改。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋體; font-size: 9pt;">二：實驗速度的控制</span></strong></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">在材料力學(xué)性能檢測試驗中，加荷速度的快慢對檢測結(jié)果有一定的影響。一般加荷速度較快，試件的變形滯后于加在其上的荷載，測出的強度值高于材料固有的強度。</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">如井下工具缸體檢測中加荷速度較快，屈服強度和極限強度會有所提高。但在實際試驗工作中，有的檢測人員忽視了加荷速度，在不了解加荷速度大小時隨意加荷檢測，或者不嚴(yán)格按照標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的加荷速度進行檢測，致使檢測結(jié)果失去可比性、真實性。</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">&nbsp;</span></p>