科研血清實(shí)驗(yàn)技能

<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋體; font-size: 9pt;"><font face="宋體">問(wèn)題一：</font></span></strong></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋體">如何貯存和凍結(jié)血清才不會(huì)使產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量受損</font>?</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋體">答：</font></span></strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋體">將血清從冷凍箱取出后，先置于</font>2<font face="宋體">～</font><font face="Calibri">8</font><font face="宋體">℃冰箱使之融解，然后在室溫下使之全融。但有必要注意的是，融解過(guò)程中有必要規(guī)矩地?fù)u晃均勻。長(zhǎng)時(shí)刻貯存在</font><font face="Calibri">2-8</font><font face="宋體">℃時(shí)，血清中的各種蛋白和脂蛋白（如冷凝集素、纖維蛋白原、玻粘連蛋白等）可能聚集而構(gòu)成沉積或可見(jiàn)的混濁。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋體">因而，推薦在</font>-20<font face="宋體">℃以下貯存血清，并防止反復(fù)凍融。主張血清應(yīng)保存在</font><font face="Calibri">-2O</font><font face="宋體">℃。若存放于</font><font face="Calibri">4</font><font face="宋體">℃時(shí)，請(qǐng)勿超過(guò)一個(gè)月。若一次無(wú)法用完一瓶，主張無(wú)菌分裝血清至恰當(dāng)?shù)臏缇萜鲀?nèi)，再放回冷凍。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋體; font-size: 9pt;">問(wèn)題</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; font-size: 9pt;">二</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; font-size: 9pt;">：</span></strong></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">如何防止血清中發(fā)作沉積？</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">答：</span></strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">按如下操作可防止沉積的發(fā)作：</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋體">（</font>1<font face="宋體">）凍結(jié)血清時(shí)，請(qǐng)隨時(shí)將之搖晃均勻，使溫度及成分均一，削減沉積的發(fā)作。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋體">（</font>2<font face="宋體">）血清分裝凍存時(shí)，須規(guī)矩?fù)u晃均勻（當(dāng)心勿形成氣泡），使溫度與成分均一。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋體">（</font>3<font face="宋體">）勿直接由</font><font face="Calibri">-20</font><font face="宋體">℃直接至</font><font face="Calibri">37</font><font face="宋體">℃凍結(jié)，因溫度改變太大，簡(jiǎn)單形成蛋白質(zhì)凝結(jié)而發(fā)作沉積。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋體">（</font>4<font face="宋體">）勿將血清置于</font><font face="Calibri">37</font><font face="宋體">℃太久，否則血清會(huì)變得污濁，一起血清中許多較不穩(wěn)定的成份也會(huì)因而受到破壞，從而影響血清的品質(zhì)。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋體">（</font>5<font face="宋體">）血清的熱滅活非常簡(jiǎn)單形成沉積物的增多，若非必要，能夠無(wú)須做此步驟。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋體">（</font>6<font face="宋體">）若有必要做血清的熱滅活，請(qǐng)遵守</font><font face="Calibri">56</font><font face="宋體">℃，</font><font face="Calibri">30</font><font face="宋體">分鐘的原則，并且隨時(shí)搖晃均勻。溫度過(guò)高，時(shí)刻過(guò)久或搖晃不均勻，都會(huì)形成沉積物的增多。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: rgb(255, 0, 0);"><strong><span style="font-family: 宋體; font-size: 9pt;">問(wèn)題</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; font-size: 9pt;">三</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; font-size: 9pt;">：</span></strong></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;">血清中包含絮狀沉積，它們是什么，怎樣處理？</span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋體">答：</font></span></strong><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋體">沉積包含纖維蛋白和脂蛋白。這是正常特性，不會(huì)影響產(chǎn)品性質(zhì)。要除掉沉積，離心血清（</font>400g<font face="宋體">，</font><font face="Calibri">1-2</font><font face="宋體">分鐘）或許簡(jiǎn)單的讓其沉積在瓶子底部，將血清當(dāng)心的 轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個(gè)無(wú)菌瓶里（一般不主張選用過(guò)濾的辦法除掉沉積，由于沉積會(huì)堵塞濾膜而無(wú)法過(guò)濾）。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><font face="宋體">大多情況輕輕搖動(dòng)沉積并加熱至</font>37<font face="宋體">℃就會(huì)再溶解。所以，運(yùn)用 產(chǎn)品時(shí)要搖動(dòng)并加熱血清至</font><font face="Calibri">37</font><font face="宋體">℃，沉積會(huì)天然消失。</font></span><span style="mso-spacerun:'yes';font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:9.0000pt;mso-font-kerning:1.0000pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p>